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James Oglethorpe and Georgia - Godalming Museum

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James Oglethorpe and Georgia - Godalming Museum Welcome Environment Local History Surprising Connections Surprising Connections 2 Arts and Crafts What to see and do The Local History Gallery Images of Godalming The Arts and Crafts Gallery The_Arts_&_Crafts_Gallery_1 The_Arts_&_Crafts_Gallery_3 The_Arts_&_Crafts_Gallery_4 The_Arts_&_Crafts_Gallery_5 The_Arts_&_Crafts_Gallery_6 The Living Landscape Gallery Rivers, Travel, Rocks Rocks, Farms, Wool Wool, Gardens, Wood Wood, Power, Rivers Months Jan-Jun Months Jul-Dec The Peoples Gallery The Peoples GalleryAlphabetizeHelen ALLINGHAM Jane AUSTEN Lord BADEN POWELL Admiral Sir John BALCHEN James Matthew BARRIE Duster BENNETT Gerald Francis BIRD Rupert BROOKE Charles BURGESS Julius CAESAR Randolf CALDECOTT Lewis CARROLL CHENNELL and CHALCRAFT Sir Winston CHURCHILL Reginald Foster DAGNALL Charles DARWIN Arthur Jex DAVEY Louis DE BERNIERS Sir Arthur CONAN DOYLE Monica EDWARDS George ELIOT Ben ELTON FIELD brothers Philip Cawthorne FLETCHER Myles 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of T H Huxley Norman Bottles Man trap Wey Swimming Club Cup The Collections alphabetize Recent acquisitions and loans Lutyens reports and watercolours Stained glass windows The Poppy Trail Witley Camps 2 Exhibitions and Sales 2016 Cards for Good Causes Paintings and Other Works Under the Surface Godalming Sanitary Steam Laundry Talks Bring the family Friends' events Hire for an occasion Hire for an exhibition Exhibition space 1 Exhibition Space 2 The Visitor Information Centre Images Historical images GIOPP 1-01 1-07A 1-07B 1-09 1-40 1-54 1-56 1-58 2-03 2-09 2-10 2-13 2-29 2-52 3-11 3-32 3-36 3-39 3-40 3-43 4-03 4-15 4-16 4-36 4-51 4-52 4-53 4-54 4-55 4-56 4-57 4-58 gm0 0405 0415 0416 0418 0419 0425 0431 0467 0487 0509 0520 0533 0539 0542 0543 0544 0545 0546 0547 0550 0551 0559 0560 0617 0675 0757 0758 0824 0548 gm1 1007a 1196-3 1196-46 1616 1817 1811-1 1811-2 1811-3 1811-15 1811-28 1811-35 1811-40 1811-41 1811-42 1811-46 1811-47 1811-50 1811-51 gm2 2238 2377A 2377B 2377C 2377D 2482 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Ancient Egypt Loan Box Prehistory Loan Box Prehistory Loan Box - contents Prehistory Loan Box - Misc Prehistory Loan Box - Teachers Notes Jans dump page James Edward Oglethorpe and Westbrook Place, Godalming   The Manor of Westbrook In July 1688, Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe purchased the Manors of Westbroke and Binscombe, and the house known as Westbroke Place.   James Edward Oglethorpe born 1696 Theophilus had returned to Godalming and, in the late storing of 1696, took the oath of loyalty to William III. The year was moreover marked for Theophilus and Eleanor, by the lineage of James Edward Oglethorpe, their tenth and last child, on December 22nd 1696. He was born in London, and christened the pursuit day at St. Martin’s-in-the-FieldsDenominationby the Archbishop of Canterbury.   Oglethorpe as the soldier He had been enrolled into Queen Anne’s 1st Regiment of Foot Guards when only ten years old, but this was mainly a formalism regiment. Oglethorpe had some education at Eton, and in 1714 he entered Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He entered the military seminar at Lompres, near Paris, and in 1716 war between the Turks and Austrians gave him the endangerment to enroll with the Austrian Imperial unwashed under Prince Eugene of Savoy. As a young man he served in Germany and Hungary under Prince Eugene, to whom he was secretary and aide-de-camp. He fought in 1716 at the wrestle of Petrovardin, and in the siege of Timisora. In 1717 he fought the Turks at the wrestle of Belgrade. Picture courtesy Ed Jackson, University of Georgia This painting of Oglethorpe as an aide-de-camp hangs in Solomon’s Lodge, the Masonic Lodge in Savannah that Oglethorpe was to be a founding member.     Oglethorpe inherits Westbrook Place and Manors of Westbrook and Binscombe In 1718, as he was the remaining son, Oglethorpe came into his inheritance at Westbrook, at the age of 22. His five brothers had all died, three in infancy, and his four sisters, who were alive, were not unliable to inherit.   Oglethorpe as an MP, prison reformer, and philanthropist At the age of 25, in 1722, he became in his turn a candidate for Parliament, and was elected Member of Parliament for Haslemere, pursuit his father, and two brothers. He unfurled to serve stuff successful in the elections in 1727, 1734, 1741 and 1747 but lost his seat in 1754. When Oglethorpe became Member of Parliament he soon became enlightened of causes needing correction - one special rationalization was the condition and management of the English prisons. He gathered together a wreath of like-minded Parliamentarians, and pressed for the insemination of a special committee to yank up suitable legislation - the committee was worked and Oglethorpe became its Chairman in 1729 to enquire into the state of the British prisons. The group held many meetings most of which took place at Westbrook, and the house became noted for social and political gatherings. A measure was duly introduced into Parliament, which resulted in an resurgence in prison conditions, the release of many short-time debtors and the removal of some of the worst warders and overseers. Oglethorpe as a horticulturalist Oglethorpe built a massive wall up the terraced hill on his property and planted a unconfined vineyard withal it. The warm spell of weather in 1730 coincided with the installation of the vineyard at Westbrook, and it is on record that the vineyard flourished for some years, yielding a plentiful supply of grapes, sufficient for wine-making. A visit by Dr Richard Pococke in November 1754 found at “General Oglethorpe’s there is a vineyard, out of which they make a wine like Rhenish.”   Oglethorpe conceives the idea of a colony in America Oglethorpe conceived the idea of founding a thirteenth British colony in America, and as a place for those who were poverty-stricken Britons and European refugees, and of religious tolerance. It was a philanthropic move but moreover it was seen as a military tactic to protect the established colonies of New Bern and Charleston (now North and South Carolina). Oglethorpe worked the Georgia Society in 1730, which petitioned “that the cities of London, Westminster, and parts adjacent, do teem with unconfined numbers of indigent persons, who are reduced to such necessity as to wilt burthensome to the public, and who could be willing to seek a livelihood in any part of his Majesty’s plantations in America, if they were provided with passage, and ways of settling there.” The official lease to establish the colony was signed on the 21st April 1732 by King George II to “the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America.” Oglethorpe may have ascertained that the mulberry tree flourished in the zone where he contemplated setting up the new colony, and so he trained many of his prospective settlers in the superintendency of the silkworm, the winding preparation and use of the silken thread. For this purpose he brought over a number of experts from Italy to train his workers. He moreover had wits of growing vines at Westbrook Place and Godalming once had a thriving woollen industry on which the prosperity of the town depended. He chose his settlers wisely including all trades and professions to establish a working colony of people. The first 115 settlers sailed with Oglethorpe in 1732, on the 17th November, from Gravesend in the ship Ann. The families consisted of the mid-age range 30-50 with husband and a wife and with one to four children. A full list of the settlers, their names, ages, families, trades and professions can be seen under Georgia settlers at www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/lists. The First Journey It took them two months surpassing they arrived at Charleston, South Carolina, on the 13th January 1733. Oglethorpe, without looking for a suitable location and finding Yamacraw Bluffs on the Savannah River in Georgia, returned to the colonists. They made their way reaching the site on the 12th February 1733 (new style) to make their settlement, and set well-nigh laying out a rectangular plan for their town of Savannah in the new colony of Georgia. In the summer of 1733 increasingly colonists arrived, including Moravians in 1735. As well as enlisting fresh settlers for the new colony, Oglethorpe returned to England in May 1734 to raise remoter funds for extending his work in Georgia.   Oglethorpe and Chief Tomochichi   Chief Tomochichi and his nephew image: Wikipedia Commons   Oglethorpe had befriended the American Indians, and had made an effort to know their customs, and to have good relationships with them. He had befriended the Mico, or Chief, Tomochichi, who was 16 years older. When Oglethorpe returned to London he brought when with him ten American Indians, members of the Yamacraw tribe - an outlawed tribe of the Creeks, - including the Yamacraw Chief, and his friend, Tomochichi, his wife, Scanauki, and his nephew and heir, Toonahowi. They were taken to Whitehall and Eton, and many other places where they caused quite a stir. Unfortunately during their stay in London one of the Indians, Stimalchi, contracted smallpox. Oglethorpe’s friend, Sir Hans Sloane, physician, came to minister to him but he died. He was veiled in the graveyard of St John the EvangelistDenominationin Smith Square, Westminster. The Indians “went to Mr Oglethorpe’s in Surrey to overwork their sorrow”, and isolated themselves at Westbrook. Oglethorpe had them to stay at Westbrook for well-nigh four months. On one occasion, Oglethorpe caused a sensation in Godalming, by bringing the Indians to dine at the White Hart Inn. It is no longer an inn   This postcard shows what the inn may have looked like in c.1895. It has “Old White Hart 1640” written at the bottom, but an older inn ‘The Antelope’ stood here from c.1570   Oglethorpe and the Wesley Brothers Oglethorpe knew Revd. Samuel Wesley and his son, Samuel, junior, the poet, who had been his friends. Oglethorpe approached his old college, Corpus Christie, Oxford, to help find a suitable minister for Georgia. Three men, part of the Holy Club, were selected, Samuel’s two brothers, Charles and John Wesley, and Benjamin Ingham.   The Next Two Trips In October 1735, Oglethorpe left for Georgia for a second time in the ‘Simmonds’, with the Wesley brothers and Ingham. Charles Wesley became Oglethorpe’s Secretary for IndianWiresat Fredrica but left in July 1736 to return to England. John Wesley stayed on to found an orphanage, and became chaplain at Savannah but left in December 1737 to return to England, where he founded the Methodist Movement. Oglethorpe captured St Augustine from the Spanish, and founded Augusta on the Savannah side, and Frederica Fort on St Simon’s island. In November 1736, without one year, Oglethorpe returned to London to raise funds for the colony. In 1737 he was given a legation asUnstipulatedand Commander-in Chief for his Majesty’s provinces in South Carolina and Georgia. He returned for the third time in July 1738 with a volunteer muster of 600 soldiers. In 1739 war with Spain tapped out.   Oglethorpe and ‘Jekyll Island’ In 1742 he defeated the Spanish who occupied the islands of Guale at theWrestleof Bloody Marsh on St Simon’s Island, such that the Spanish were no longer a threat to Georgia and the British colonies. In 1743 Oglethorpe was promoted to Brigadier General, whereas surpassing the title ofUnstipulatedhad been one of an honorary nature. He was responsible for the first English resident on the island of Ospo and reverted the name to ‘Jekyll Island’. One of Oglethorpe's friends, Sir Joseph Jekyll, Master of the Rolls (1662-1738) had donated £500 towards the settlement and Oglethorpe commemorated this souvenir by naming the coastal island without him. Joseph Jekyll was related to Gertrude Jekyll, the well-known gardener, who lived in Godalming.   Oglethorpe finally leaves Georgia James Oglethorpe finally left Georgia on 23rd July 1743, returning to England to squatter various charges laid versus him by disaffected colonists and others; he cleared himself of much of the calumny tying to his name and secured at last the repayment of his own monies (some £66,000) which he had used in establishing the colony.   Oglethorpe married In September 1744 in Westminster Abbey, Oglethorpe, at the age of 48, married an heiress, Lady Elizabeth Wright, daughter of Sir Nathan Wright of Cranham Hall in Essex. They spent their honeymoon at Westbrook, attended by a Chickasaw Indian Chief who had accompanied him to England. In due undertow the Oglethorpes settled at Elizabeth's home in Essex, and Westbrook saw little increasingly of the Squire.   Oglethorpe’s Signature   Godalming Museum Collection In October 1744 Oglethorpe signed a deed of counterparts of conveyance of a small piece of land, which was adjoined to a footpath leading from Mill Lane to Godalming Church. This and an older deed of 1734, are on exhibit in Godalming Museum. This is a poster made for the 300th year-end of Oglethorpe’s lineage depicting the portrait, which hangs in Oglethorpe University. The portrait was painted in 1744, discovered in England and taken to America to hang in the President’s Office at Oglethorpe University, Georgia. Picture courtesy Ed Jackson,University of Georgia Oglethorpe madeUnstipulatedOn March 30th, 1745, Oglethorpe was created Major General, to serve under the Duke of Cumberland.Withoutsubsequent manoeuvres and excursions Oglethorpe was sooner court-martialed for “lingering on the road” in December 1745, and was acquitted. In 1747 he was promoted to Lieutenant General, but his career, as an zippy soldier was finished. And in 1765 he was scheduled General, and was the senior unstipulated for the whole of the British Army.   This is an engraving of a portrait ofUnstipulatedOglethorpe c.18th century without a sculpture by Simon Francois Ravenet (who moreover engraved Hon. Arthur Onslow of Clandon and Sir Joseph Jekyll) Godalming Museum Collection: ref 0425   Oglethorpe in RetirementWithouthis respite James retired increasingly and increasingly from public wires and turned his interest to rhadamanthine a patron of the arts. On the 9th November 1749 the Hon. LieutenantUnstipulatedJames Oglethorpe of Lisle Street, London (“a Gentleman well versed in Natural History, Mathematicks and all branches of Polite Literature”) was elected a Member of the Royal Society in London.Moreoveron the same date, Philip Carteret Webb Esq, of Budge Row, London (“being a Gentm every way qualified to be an useful and valuable member”) was elected. Oglethorpe had a country home at Westbrook and Webb had his at Busbridge Hall, they were neighbours. These two men were to meet then when they contested the Parliamentary seat for Haslemere. Webb withal with JamesIncreasinglyMolyneux stood jointly for the election, towers support by the conversion of leaseholds into freeholds, and they were elected in April 1754, defeating James Edward Oglethorpe and Peter Burrel. Oglethorpe had held the seat for 32 years since 1722 and had seen seven parliaments. It was at Oglethorpe’s instigation, as one of the trustees and executors of his friend, Sir Hans Sloane, that the Government purchase the Sloane Collection, which became the nucleus of the British Museum.   Oglethorpe passes yonder in his 89th year     An old storyboard shows the agedUnstipulatedOglethorpe, weather-beaten 88, just surpassing he died. Underneath it is written that he was 102 (sic), said to be the oldestUnstipulatedin Europe, sketched from life at the sale of Dr Johnson’s books, 18th February 1785, where he was reading a typesetting he had purchased, without spectacles   Godalming Museum Collection     Oglethorpe died on 30th June 1785, in his 89th year.UnstipulatedJames Oglethorpe lived to a unconfined age with a very fine and full record of service to Westbrook, to the state of Georgia, which he founded, and to his native country. He is veiled in the Chancel of All Saints, Cranham, near Upminster, Essex.  WithoutOglethorpe’s Death     Westbrook Place c.1819 Godalming Museum Collection   On Oglethorpe’s death the manor passed to Christopher Hodges, and he sold it in 1790 to Nathaniel Godbold, a physician   Godalming and Oglethorpe Godalming Museum Library has books, pamphlets and ephemera well-nigh Oglethorpe, which can be used for research. This life size model ofUnstipulatedOglethorpe is sometimes on exhibit in Godalming Museum. The museum has a set of twelve Wedgwood plates featuring Oglethorpe and Georgia, which were donated to the Museum by Godalming Town Council. Godalming Museum Collection   In St Peter and St Paul Church, the parish denomination of Godalming, can be seen the heraldic roof bosses in the Nave where there is one of the stratify of stovepipe of the Oglethorpe family. Bargate stone from the tabular wall of Oglethorpe’s vineyard was donated by the Meath Home for the restoration of the denomination spire in 1986-88. There are memorials to other members of the Oglethorpe family, Susanna who died in 1736, and Elizabeth who died in 1742, both sisters, moreover daughters of William Oglethorpe, and cousins of Theophilus Oglethorpe, who came from Northgate Hall in Yorkshire. The State Flag of Georgia, and a plaque triumphal the 250th year-end of the throw-away of Oglethorpe to found the state of Georgia, and a chandelier given by Georgia in 1996 to gloat the 300th year-end of Oglethorpe’s lineage can moreover be seen in the church.   Oglethorpe Court This plaque in Oglethorpe Court marks the 300th year-end in 1996 of Oglethorpe’s lineage     Friends of Oglethorpe This Is a link worked to foster relationships between the State of Georgia, the cities of Savannah and Augusta in the USA and Godalming.   Links For remoter information please refer to the following:Our Georgia History www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/listsFriends of Oglethorpe www.friendsofoglethorpe.co.ukUniversity of Georgia http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/oglethorpe.htm Godalming Museum © 2006     Return to the Welcome Page, Timeline or The People's Gallery     ©Godalming Museum Trust. Copies of the text and images may be made for private use (including wonk texts if not published) only. 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